{"id":21029,"date":"2025-02-11T09:38:04","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T01:38:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ifanplus.com\/?p=21029"},"modified":"2025-02-11T09:38:06","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T01:38:06","slug":"impact-resistance-of-pph-pipes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ifanplus.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a9\/impact-resistance-of-pph-pipes\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PPH"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

PPH (<\/a>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 (PPH) \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0631. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Molecular Structure and Impact Resistance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

PPH pipes feature a crystalline structure that enhances their strength. The polymer chains in PPH create a rigid yet flexible material, allowing it to absorb shocks effectively. This structure prevents cracks from spreading under impact, ensuring a long service life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The molecular weight of PPH also plays a crucial role in impact resistance. Higher molecular weight results in increased toughness, allowing pipes to withstand external forces without breaking. Manufacturers optimize the polymerization process to enhance impact resistance while maintaining good processability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factors Affecting Impact Resistance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Several factors influence the ability of PPH pipes to resist impact, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Temperature Variations<\/strong>
    PPH pipes maintain their toughness across a wide temperature range. They perform well in both hot and cold environments. At lower temperatures, some plastics become brittle, but PPH retains flexibility, reducing the risk of cracks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Pipe Thickness and Design<\/strong>
    Thicker pipe walls provide greater impact resistance. The design of the pipe also contributes to durability. Pipes with reinforced sections or ribbed structures can absorb more force before deformation occurs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/strong>
    Special additives improve the impact resistance of them. These include elastomers, antioxidants, and UV stabilizers. Elastomers enhance flexibility, antioxidants prevent degradation, and UV stabilizers protect against sunlight exposure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong>
    Advanced extrusion techniques ensure uniform wall thickness and consistent material properties. Proper cooling and annealing processes reduce internal stresses, preventing weak points that could compromise impact resistance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Installation and Handling<\/strong>
    Correct installation methods maintain the integrity of them. Poor handling, excessive bending, or improper joint connections can reduce impact resistance. Proper support and secure fittings ensure long-term durability.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Testing Methods for Impact Resistance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

    Manufacturers assess the toughness of them using standardized tests. These tests determine their ability to withstand sudden force without cracking or breaking. Common methods include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Drop Weight Impact Test<\/strong>
      In this test, a weighted object falls onto a pipe sample from a specific height. The test evaluates whether the pipe cracks or deforms under the impact. This method simulates real-world conditions, such as accidental drops or heavy objects striking the pipe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Izod and Charpy Impact Tests<\/strong>
      These tests measure the energy required to break a notched sample of PPH material. The results indicate how much force the pipe can absorb before failure. High values suggest better impact resistance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/strong>
      Pipes undergo internal pressure tests to assess their ability to withstand long-term mechanical stress. While not directly an impact test, this method provides insights into the overall durability of the material.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. Field Performance Evaluations<\/strong>
      Engineers conduct real-world testing by installing PPH pipes in demanding environments. These assessments include exposure to construction site conditions, underground installations, and industrial fluid transport.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Advantages of High Impact Resistance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

      PPH pipes offer several benefits due to their superior impact resistance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/strong>
        PPH pipes last longer because they resist mechanical damage. Unlike brittle materials, they do not crack easily under pressure, reducing the need for frequent replacements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. Reliable Performance in Harsh Conditions<\/strong>
        Industries rely on PPH pipes for chemical transport, wastewater management, and industrial processing. Their toughness ensures consistent performance even in challenging environments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong>
        Pipes with high impact resistance require fewer repairs. They remain intact despite accidental impacts, reducing downtime and maintenance expenses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      4. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>
        Strong impact resistance prevents leaks and failures, ensuring the safety of transported fluids. This feature is critical in applications involving hazardous chemicals or high-pressure systems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      5. \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/strong>
        PPH pipes serve multiple industries, including construction, agriculture, chemical processing, and plumbing. Their toughness allows them to handle various operational stresses without compromising efficiency.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        Applications Benefiting from Impact Resistance<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

        Several industries take advantage of the impact resistance of PPH pipes, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>
          PPH pipes transport aggressive chemicals safely. Their impact resistance prevents sudden failures, ensuring a secure flow of substances.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Water Supply and Drainage<\/strong>
          Municipal water systems use PPH pipes due to their durability. They handle external pressure from soil movement and construction activities without damage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>
          Factories rely on PPH pipes for transporting liquids, gases, and slurries. Their resistance to impact ensures minimal disruptions in production processes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. Underground Installations<\/strong>
          Buried PPH pipes face external forces from soil and traffic loads. Their impact resistance helps them withstand these pressures, preventing leaks and deformations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        5. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong>
          Farms use PPH pipes for irrigation systems. These pipes endure rough handling, UV exposure, and varying temperatures while maintaining structural integrity.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

          PPH pipes outperform many other materials in impact resistance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. PPH vs. PVC<\/strong>
            PVC pipes are more rigid but can become brittle under impact, especially in cold temperatures. PPH remains flexible and absorbs shocks better.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. PPH vs. HDPE<\/strong>
            HDPE pipes offer high flexibility, but PPH provides a better balance of rigidity and toughness. PPH pipes withstand both impact and high temperatures effectively.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. PPH vs. Metal Pipes<\/strong>
            Metal pipes resist impact but may dent or corrode over time. PPH pipes maintain their structure without rusting, making them more durable in corrosive environments.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

            PPH pipes provide excellent impact resistance due to their strong molecular structure, optimized material properties, and advanced manufacturing processes. Their toughness ensures durability in industrial, agricultural, and municipal applications. Testing methods confirm their ability to handle external forces without cracking or breaking. Industries benefit from their long service life, reduced maintenance costs, and reliable performance in harsh conditions. PPH pipes remain a top choice for impact-resistant piping solutions, delivering safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in various applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 IFAN \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PPH \u0645\u0646 IFAN \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 ISO 15494\u060c \u0648EN ISO 15494\u060c \u0648DIN 8077\/8078\u060c \u0648ASTM F2389\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 GB\/T 19472\u060c \u0648NBR 15494. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 IFAN \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 IFAN \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            IFAN \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 30 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 (PPR)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 IFAN \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0645. \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.
            \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a https:\/\/www.ifanplus.com\/<\/a>
            \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649:             jack@ifangroup.com<\/a>
            \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628: +86 19857948982<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Introduction PPH (Polypropylene Homopolymer) pipes offer strong impact resistance, making them ideal for various industrial and residential applications. Their durability allows them to handle mechanical stress, sudden force, and external pressure without damage. This article explores the impact resistance of PPH pipes, factors affecting their toughness, testing methods, and their advantages in different environments. Molecular […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21030,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[597,332,478,333,348,401],"class_list":["post-21029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge","tag-pph","tag-pph-pipe","tag-pph-pipeline","tag-pph-piping","tag-pph-plumbing","tag-pph-tube"],"yoast_head":"\nImpact Resistance of PPH Pipes - 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